ACF Works Again With The John Hopkins University Applied Physics Lab On A Heat Exchanger Made Of Converted Fiber Braided Tubes For Nuclear Thermal Propulsion In Space

Samarium Carbide/Carbon Fiber

• Rare earth magnetics

Erbium Carbide/Carbon Fiber

• Rare earth magnetics

Gadolinium Carbide/Carbon Fiber

• Rare earth magnetics

Praseodymium Carbide/Carbon Fiber

• rare earth magnetics

Dysprosium Carbide/Carbon Fiber

• Rare earth magnetics

Neodymium Carbide/Carbon Fiber

• Batteries – electric vehicles

Yttrium Carbide/Carbon Fiber

• Superconducting

Lanthanum Carbide/Carbon Fiber

• • Battery electrodes, cracking catalysis for oil refineries

Vanadium Carbide/Carbon Fiber

• Density: VC has a higher density (5.77 gm/cc). VC/C is light-weight 2.5 to 4 gm/cc with carbon core: VC conversion layer is near diamond hardness
• High-temperature material (2730 C melt)
• Key feature: VC is wettable by iron and steel in alloys. VC nano used in grain boundary refinement steels.

Tantalum Carbide/Carbon Fiber

• Normally very dense (14.3 g/cm3) but lighter with a carbon core
• High-temperature material (3880 C vaporizes)
• Near diamond hardness

Hafnium Carbide

• HFC layer is near diamond hardness
• High-temperature material (3900 C melt)
• Density: VC has a higher density (12.2 gm/cc). TaC/C is light-weight 2.5 to 4 gm/cc with carbon core
• Key feature: High-temperature stability. Forms mixture with TaC

Titanium Carbide/Carbon Fiber

• Wettable by aluminum (possible reinforcing material)
• Near diamond hardness
• High temperature (3065 C melt)
• Low density (4.94 g/cm3)
• Inexpensive metals source

Silicon Carbide/Carbon Fiber

• Low density (3.16 g/cm3)
• High-temperature material (2830 C vaporizes)
• Near diamond hardness
• Can have either conductive or insulative electrical properties